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Jewish tradition speculates that Ezra could have written 1 and 2 Chronicles, which—like Samuel and Kings—originally formed one work. But nothing within the text provides a definitive clue as to the compiler of the material. The time frame covered in 1 Chronicles mirrors parts of 2 Samuel and 1 Kings. Chronicles was most likely written during the time of Ezra or Nehemiah, while the Jews were dispersed throughout Persia, some having returned to Israel.
Archaeological evidence supports this premise. Readers will note the extensive space devoted to genealogies. Why are these family lists so common in Chronicles? Scholars say that genealogies serve many purposes, among them. The Chronicles describe especially the kingdom of Judah. The books of Kings describe mostly the northern kingdom of the ten tribes Israel. The Chronicles only mention Israel when it comes into contact with Judah.
The kingdoms of David and Solomon as well as their successors are the main subject of the Chronicles. Both David and Solomon form a joint picture of Christ as rejected, suffering, glorified and reigning king. Therefore David and Solomon's trespasses David's adultery with Bathsheba and his murdering Uriah and Solomon's idolatry are not mentioned.
The books of Kings give more moral teachings and stress the human responsibility. The Chronicles however contain more typical teachings in connection with the grace of God.
A further main subject is the erection of the temple. The building of the temple takes up much more space in the Chronicles than in the first book of Kings. In 1 Chron. Various details not found in the books of Samuel and Kings are included in Chronicles, such as a prophecy of Elijah concerning the wicked king Jehoram see 2 Chronicles — He brings the ark of the covenant to Jerusalem, which becomes the capital of the kingdom.
King David defeats other nations in battle and reigns justly in Israel. David dies, and Solomon reigns. He builds and dedicates the temple in Jerusalem.
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